Avoid the Hazards of Summer with these 6 tips:


Tip #1: Drink lots of water. It sounds like a lot but you need 64 ounces of water per day, plus 8 additional ounces per 30 minutes of exercise, especially of your are exercising in the heat. Keep a container water with you at all times and get into the habit of drinking water off and on all day.

Tip #2: Repel mosquitoes with vitamin B1. In 1943, Dr. Ray Shannon from St. Paul, Minnesota, reported on 10 dramatic cases of resistance to mosquitoes from taking vitamin B-1 orally. In one gentleman who was constantly ravaged by mosquitoes while trout fishing, the vitamin allowed him to return home without a single bite, while his fishing companions were covered with welts. It is recommend that you take 100 mg daily, in divided doses.

Tip #3: Ease the sting and itching of bug bites with toothpaste. Toothpaste does an amazing job reducing the discomfort of an insect bite. Just dab the irritated, the alkalinity of the baking soda in most brands of toothpaste relieves itching. The antibacterial components will prevent infection.

Tip #4: Wear sunglasses. Any sun glasses are better than nothing but studies show that yellow, amber, or orange sunglasses best protect your eyes from the summer sun. These colors do a better job of filtering out UV and blue wavelengths of light that can be harmful to your retina.

Tip #5: Limit your time outdoors on days when air quality is poor. It’s a good idea to avoid air pollution whenever you can, however, hot weather may make air pollution even more dangerous. The pairing of these two elements has the potential to increase risk of stroke by about 50 percent! Your best bet is to stay indoors on hot days when air quality is poor.

Tip #6: Cover Up. Skin cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer. Most cases are due to over exposure to the sun. You should wear sun screen everyday, even if you’re not lying out by the pool or the beach. Hats, umbrellas and cover-ups are helpful in reducing the amount of sun you are exposed to as well.

Stroke Prevention Month

May is Stroke Prevention Month. A stroke is defined by Wikipedia as the rapid loss of brain function due to a disturbance in the blood supply to the brain. This can be due to ischemia (lack of blood flow) caused by a blockage or a hemorrhage (leakage of blood). As a result, the affected area of the brain cannot function, which might result in the inability to move limbs, speak or see from one side of the body.

Strokes are a medical emergency and can cause permanent neurological damage, complications and death. Strokes are the leading cause of adult disability in the United States.

Risk factors include old age, hypertension, previous strokes, diabetes, high cholesterol, cigarette smoking and atrial fibrillation. High blood pressure is the most important modifiable risk factor.

Nutrition is also a factor in stroke prevention. Including oranges and grapes daily seem to lower your risks. This news comes from reviewing 14 years of follow-up data gathered from 70,000 women participating in the U.S. Nurses’ Health Study, a landmark trial that has been on-going since 1976 and is still recruiting volunteers. The stroke findings were published online February 23 in the journal Stroke.

Flavones are a subclass of flavonoids, antioxidant compounds found naturally in fruits, vegetables, red wine, dark chocolate, coffee and tea. The researchers, from England’s Norwich Medical School, found that women whose diets included the most flavones had a 19 percent lower risk of stroke linked to blood clots than those whose diets were lowest in flavones. They reported that most of the flavones came from citrus fruits, and recommended that women choose whole fruits rather than juice to increase their flavones intake. A typical serving of citrus fruit contains 45 to 50 mg of flavones. The women with the highest intake consumed more than 470 mg per day. The researchers noted that the women whose diets included the most flavones also ate more fiber, took in less caffeine and alcohol, smoked less and exercised more than the women with the lowest flavones intake.

Dr. Weil suggests that eating an abundance of vegetables and fruit, particularly purple fruits and berries (and red wine if you drink alcohol), all of which contain protective compounds called proanthocyanidins. This study adds new and valuable information to what we already knew about effective dietary changes to maintain cardiovascular health. In addition, I recommend omega-3 fatty acids in the form of wild, cold-water fish or fish-oil supplements, freshly ground flaxseeds and walnuts to help reduce the inflammatory reactions that can raise the risk of stroke. Other measures to help cut stroke risk include getting plenty of garlic in your diet, since it can act as a blood thinner, and drinking green tea on a regular basis for its antioxidant effects. Be sure to get regular exercise and take measures to reduce stress in your life.

Women Show Weight Loss From Omega-3’s

Would you like to reduce your fat by taking fish oil? It comes in a pill and no it doesn’t taste like fish, it’s a small, soft capsule and it has no taste at all. A recent study reveals strong evidence proving that fish oil reduces fat cells. Many of us have been advised to take fish oil by our doctors and here’s a short list of its benefits:

•Promotes good cardiovascular health
•Reduces inflammation and pain
•Protects against stroke and heart attack
•Better brain function and increased intelligence
•Less depression
•Lower incidence in childhood obesity
•Decreased risk in breast cancer

…..and now it has been proven to decrease weight loss – if you weren’t interested before, I bet you are now.

In a recent study one group was given a capsule of fish oil over a two-month period the control group was given a placebo for two months. By the end of the study women taking the fish oil showed as decrease in total fat mass and a decrease in the size of the fat cells.

With diabetes diagnoses near epidemic proportions healthy steps to prevention are necessary. Women like are constantly on the go and need to take proactive steps toward better health. While fish oil is not the miracle pill adding it to your diet is affordable and has many health benefits.

You can fix oily fish such as salmon and tuna for your family or pick up a bottle of fish oil capsules. Take the capsule at least 3 times per week. Enjoy the benefits and remember – you may not physically notice all of the benefits but your body will!

Defend Your Body Against Stress

It’s the end of the school year, beginning of bathing suit season and time kick back and enjoy the summer together. Sounds like lovely but it can be a stressful time. The kids are at home, you need to squeeze in a few more workouts, spring cleaning and summer plans are in the works. Keep these stress exercises in mind as you move into the new season.

1.Open your mouth and eyes as wide as you can, hold for 5 seconds. Then scrunch them up as tight as you can and hold for 5 seconds. Perform 3 times.

2.Depress your shoulders and hold for 5 seconds. Then shrug them up to your ears, and hold for 5 seconds. Perform 3 times

3.Spread you fingers as wide as you can and hold for 5 seconds. Then ball them up in a fist as tight as you can as you also tighten the muscles in your arms, and hold for 5 seconds. Perform 3 times.

4.Tighten your gluteus muscles (butt muscles) as tight as you can, hold for 5 seconds. Release for 5 seconds. Perform 3 times.

5.Tighten your thighs as tight as you can, hold for 5 seconds. Release for 5 seconds. Perform 3 times.

6.Tighten your calf muscles as tight as you can, hold for 5 seconds. Release for 5 seconds. Perform 3 times.

7.Spread your toes as wide as you can, hold for 5 seconds. Scrunch your toes as tight as you can, hold for 5 seconds. Perform 3 times.

8.The last one is the most important. Open and stretch your entire body for 5 seconds, then scrunch and tighten for 5 seconds. Perform 3 times.

Practice these simple exercises when you become stressed. I promise, you will feel more relaxed and more energized when you complete them.

Micro vs. Macro Nutrients

What Are They? Why Are They Important?

Micronutrients are nutrients required by humans in small quantities to orchestrate a whole range of physiological functions from bone growth to brain function.

It is important that we consume these micronutrients because we are unable to produce them. These dietary requirements are trace minerals in amounts generally less than 100 milligrams/day, as opposed to macrominerals which are required in larger quantities.

Microminerals include iron, cobalt, chromium, copper, iodine, manganese, selenium, zinc and molybdenum. Micronutrients also include vitamins, which are organic compounds required as nutrients in tiny amounts by an organism.

What Micronutrients are and Their Role in Your Health

Micronutrients are what are commonly referred to as “vitamins and minerals.” Micronutrients include such minerals as flouride, selenium, sodium, iodine, copper and zinc. They also include vitamins such as vitamin C, A, D, E and K, as well as the B-complex vitamins.

Micronutrients are vital to the proper functioning of all of your body’s systems. Sodium, for instance, is responsible for maintaining the proper fluid balance in your body; it helps fluids pass through cell walls and helps regulate appropriate pH levels in your blood. Here are some of the ways that other micronutrients help maintain your body’s systems:

•Manganese promotes bone formation and energy production, and helps your body metabolize the macronutrients, protein, carbohydrate and fat.

•Magnesium helps your heart maintain its normal rhythm. It helps your body convert glucose (blood sugar) into energy, and it is necessary for the metabolization of the micronutrients calcium and vitamin C.

•Iron helps your body produce red blood cells and lymphocytes.

•Iodine helps your thyroid gland develop and function. It helps your body to metabolize fats, and promotes energy production and growth.

•Chloride helps regulate water and electrolytes within your cells, as well as helping to maintain appropriate cellular pH.

Micronutrient deficiencies in crops

Micronutrient deficiencies are widespread. 50% of world cereal soils are deficient in zinc and 30% of cultivated soils globally are deficient in iron. Steady growth of crop yields during recent decades (in particular through the Green Revolution) compounded the problem by progressively depleting soil micronutrient pools.

In general, farmers only apply micronutrients when crops show deficiency symptoms, while micronutrient deficiencies decrease yields before symptoms appear. Some common farming practices (such as liming acid soils) contribute to widespread occurrence of micronutrient deficiencies in crops by decreasing the availability of the micronutrients present in the soil. Also, extensive use of glyphosate is increasingly suspected to impair micronutrient uptake by crops, especially with regard to manganese, iron and zinc.

Crops grown organically are rotated in different areas of the farm to ensure that the soil is rich in nutrients. Organic crops are free of liming, pesticides and artificial fertilizers. Their crops contain all natural micronutrients necessary to your dietary requirements.

Getting Enough Vitamins and Minerals in Your Diet

Getting enough micronutrients in your diet isn’t hard. Eat a balanced diet including plenty of nuts, whole grains and green leafy vegetables. Eat plenty of colorful fruits and vegetables, like red cherries, purple grapes, yellow bananas and orange carrots. The more organic and colorful your diet, the better.

It’s easy to include more fruits and vegetables in your diet. Eat fruit salads for dessert instead of sweets. Prepare your own homemade soups and salads, and include two or more vegetable side dishes with each meal.

Common Micronutrient Deficiency Disorders

Micronutrient deficiency can lead to some serious health problems. The World Health Organization feels that micronutrient deficiency presents a huge threat to the health of the world’s population. Some common micronutrient deficiencies include iodine deficiency, vitamin A deficiency and iron deficiency.
Iodine deficiency is the world’s foremost cause of brain damage. Iodine deficiency during pregnancy can result in stillbirth, miscarriage and irreversible mental retardation. Fortunately, it’s easily prevented by the use of iodized salt.

Vitamin A deficiency is a leading cause of blindness in children; in pregnant women it can cause night blindness and increases maternal mortality rates.

Iron deficiency is the most common deficiency in the world, and the only one prevalent in developed countries. Over 30% of the world’s population suffers from iron deficiency anemia.

Macronutrients

A nutrient is a chemical that an organism needs to live and grow. They are used to build and repair tissues, regulate body processes and are converted to and used as energy. Humans consume and digest the nutrients.

Organic nutrients include carbohydrates, fats, proteins (or their building blocks, amino acids), and vitamins. Inorganic chemical compounds such as dietary minerals, water, and oxygen may also be considered nutrients. A nutrient is said to be “essential” if it must be obtained from an external source, either because the organism cannot synthesize it or produces insufficient quantities.

List of Macronutrients:

Protein: Amino acids
Standard amino acids

Alanine
Arginine
Aspartic acid (aspartate)
Asparagine
Cystine
Glutamic acid (glutamate)
Glutamine
Glycine
Histidine
Isoleucine (branched chain amino acid)
Leucine (branched chain amino acid)
Lysine
Methionine
Phenylalanine
Proline
Serine
Threonine
Tryptophan
Tyrosine
Valine (branched chain amino acid)

Fat:

Saturated fats
Butear assid
Caprioc acid
Caprylic acid
Capric acid
Lauric acid
Myristic acid
Pentadecanoic acid
Palmitic acid
Heptadec acid
Stearic acid
Arachidic acid
Behenate acid
Tetracos acid
Compound acid

Monounsaturated fats
Myristol
Pentadecenoic
Palmitoyl
Heptadecenoic
Oleic acid
Eicosen
Erucic acid
Nervonic acid

Polyunsaturated fats
Linoleic acid
Linolenic acid
Stearidon
Eicosatrienoic
Arachidon
eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) – an essential fatty acid
DPA
DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) – an essential fatty acid

Essential fatty acids
eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
DHA (docosahexaenoic acid)

Other fats
Omega 3 fatty acids
Omega 6 fatty acids
Trans fatty acids
Cholesterol

Carbohydrates

Starches/Sugars:
Fructose
Galactose
Glucose
Lactose
Maltose

Source: Wikipedia

Spring Cleaning

It’s that time of year again. Spring Cleaning! It’s a necessary evil.

Keep this in mind as you scrub away.

According to New Scientist, frequent use of aerosols and air fresheners caused mothers 25% more headaches, 19% were more likely to suffer from depression and infants less than 6 months old has 30% more ear infections, 22% were more likely to suffer from diarrhea.

Those who wish to use non-toxic cleaning supplies are cautioned to be alert. Although many cleaners will advertise that they are ‘natural,’ claiming that a product is ‘natural’ is an unregulated term.

What is your defense? Read the labels. Try to find the following substitutes:
•Grain alcohol vs. toxic butyl cello solve
•Coconut or plant oils vs. petroleum in detergents
•Plant-oil disinfectants (eucalyptus, rosemary, sage) vs. triclosan

Many healthy cleaning materials can already be found in your home; plain soap, water, baking soda, vinegar, washing soda (sodium carbonate), lemon juice, and borax. These products will not harm your body and they are easy on your budget.

Luckily healthy cleaning products are becoming easier and easier to find. Here are a few brands you can look for:

Seventh Generation
Mrs. Myer’s
Whole Foods 364 Brand

Happy Cleaning!

Pilates Benefits Teens

Pilates was credited by Joseph Pilates, he believed that our physical and mental bodies were intertwined. He designed an exercise program that would teach the individual practicing Pilates breathing techniques, body awareness, balance, control and core stability.

Pilates can be practiced in two different formats; on the mat placed on the floor or on Pilates equipment such as the reformer and cadillac. Both are different and challenging in their own ways. Pilates on the mat challenges the individual to support their own body, which given the exercises can be a bit more difficult than it looks. Pilates on the reformer can be challenging by adding resistance and balance.

For teens pilates can be the perfect balance of challenge and body awareness. As teens go through growth spurts, take on varies sports and go through puberty pilates provides the atmosphere in which teens can learn to control their body in space, essential when striving to compete in sports. Pilates teaches the importance of breathing techniques giving teens a method for calming themselves and making conscience decisions.

Teens are at the perfect age to learn new exercises, techniques and make their lives healthier. Teach them when they are young. Contact Richmond’s Pilates experts at Balance Pilates.

Ideal Weight Loss Plan

There are so many people who think losing weight is about slashing your calories to ungodly amounts. However, I’m here to tell you that this is all wrong. You’ve been lied to.

How many people do you see on the roller coaster diet? Probably too many to count. Why is this? Simply because diets don’t work. Most diets restrict your calories and slow down your metabolism. This causes your body to go into starvation mode. In starvation mode, your body burns very few calories and
experiences extreme hunger pangs.

Fortunately, there is a solution. Eat 5 – 6 healthy, small meals per day. Men should shoot for 6 meals a day while women should try to get in 5 meals per day. Yes, you heard me right and you may have heard it before, but please take notice this time. Frequent, small, healthy meals provide a number of benefits that will help you reach the highest fitness level possible.

Increase Your Metabolism

Eating 6 meals a day will boost your metabolism, helping you to burn more calories all day long.

In fact, by eating super-clean, high protein foods at each of your six meals, you will find that your metabolism goes into overdrive, becoming extremely efficient at burning off calories.

Burn Calories with the Thermic Effect of Food

Frequent eating revs up your metabolism due to the thermic effect of food. This is because the breakdown and absorption of food itself requires a substantial number of calories.

This is known as the thermic effect of food. Foods have a thermic effect ranging from 3% to 30%. Protein foods create a thermic effect of up to 30%. This means that 30% of the calories from foods like turkey, tuna, and salmon are burned simply by digesting them. Complex and fibrous carbohydrates burn about 20% of their calories through digestion. This includes broccoli, spinach, corn, green beans, etc.

On the other end of the spectrum are fats and refined carbohydrates. They have an extremeley low thermic effect of about 3%. This is one of the reasons that dietary fat is stored so easily as body fat.

As you can see, what you eat matters even more than how much you eat.

Maintain Peak Energy Levels

You will feel 10x better by eating smaller, more frequent meals. Your energy level will soar and your hunger cravings will be destroyed.

This is because eating 5 to 6 meals per day helps maintain a balanced blood sugar level, preventing hunger attacks.

This is in direct contrast to the calorie depriving diets that send your blood sugar levels into havoc, with too many peaks and valleys.

Build Muscle

You will also find it easier to build and maintain muscle. The more muscle you develop, the faster your metabolism becomes.

Frequent meals help promote muscle growth by regulating insulin levels and providing a steady flow of amino acids into the muscle cells.

By eating approximately every three hours you are constantly delivering a steady output of insulin, which is necessary for muscle growth and glycogen storage.

Insulin plays a major role in transporting glucose and amino acids into the muscle cells where they can then be used for recovery and muscle growth. Are you starting to see the many benefits of eating 6 meals a day?

Frequent meals also allow for more efficient use of vitamins and minerals. Your body simply becomes much more effective at processing these vital nutrients.

To reap the full benefit of this lifestyle, be sure that you eat on a consistent schedule. This requires a bit of meal planning, but it is certainly worth it. It is very important to get your body into the habit of knowing when it will be supplied with nutrients. This way, your body won’t fall into dreaded hunger attacks and cravings. Instead, it will always know that a steady flow of nutrients will soon to be supplied.

The key is to center your diet around lean protein, fruits, vegetables, and healthy fats.

By eating 5 to 6 small meals per day, you will increase your energy levels, accelerate muscle growth, and speed up your metabolism without storing fat. In fact, frequent eating will actually allow you to eat up to 50% more calories without storing an ounce of it as fat.

To really burn the fat, you will need to combine this healthy eating plan with cardio work and strength training.

Using these 3 techniques, you can turn your body into a fat-burning machine.

Make healthy eating interesting and enjoyable. These quick tips are certain to invigorate your healthy-eating efforts.

Whether you’re just starting or have been following a healthy diet for years, sticking to the plan can be challenging. But healthy eating doesn’t need to be boring or tiresome. Flavorful food combinations, new cooking ideas and an inventive spirit can enliven your meals and snacks.

Here are 20 ideas to keep you on course.

•Experiment with new foods and combinations. Try mango or peach slices on whole-wheat toast with a little peanut butter and honey. Toss some mandarin orange and peach slices into a salad.

•Add chickpeas, black beans or garbanzos to your lunch or dinner salad. If you typically buy a salad at work and no beans are available, bring beans from home in a small container.

•Try something new for breakfast. Munch on leftover vegetable pizza or make a smoothie blended from exotic fruits, low-fat yogurt and a spoonful of wheat germ.

•Stir-fry extra-firm or firm tofu rather than meat in oriental dishes. Freezing and then thawing tofu before use gives it a firmer, chewier texture.

•Make a nutritious snack rather than a full meal when time is tight. For example, spread a brown rice cake with ricotta cheese and fresh strawberries or low-sugar, spreadable fruit. Or try corn muffins with apple and cheese slices, or fat-free refried beans mixed with salsa, a small amount of low-fat sour cream and baked tortilla chips.

•Add crushed bran cereal or unprocessed wheat bran to baked products, such as meatloaf, breads, muffins, casseroles, cakes and cookies. Also, use bran products as a crunchy topping for casseroles, salads or cooked vegetables.

•Grill fresh vegetables for a quick and healthy side dish. Cut vegetables into 1/2-inch slices or large chunks and baste with a light salad dressing or brush them with canola or olive oil. Grill until tender, turning only once.

•Take advantage of ready-to-use foods. Fresh bagged salads, frozen vegetables, low-fat deli meats, whole-wheat pasta, whole-grain breads, and fresh and canned unsweetened fruits take only minutes to prepare.

•Vary your salad greens and enjoy the multitude of flavors and textures. Choices include arugula, chicory, collard greens, dandelion greens, kale, mustard greens, spinach or watercress. Purchase a different variety each week.

•For breakfast on the go, munch dry, ready-to-eat cereal with a banana and drink a small carton of low-fat or skim milk.

•Choose a dish that serves as a full meal for quick and simple cooking. Healthy examples include beef, barley and vegetable stew; chicken, vegetable and rice casserole; turkey and bean casserole (made with turkey breast, white beans and tomatoes); or vegetarian chili with diced vegetables.

•Take advantage of healthy side dishes offered at fast-food restaurants. Instead of french fries, choose a side salad with low-fat dressing or a baked potato. Or add a fruit bowl or a fruit and yogurt option to your meal.

•Stock your shelves with good-for-you snacks. Low-fat pudding cups, dry roasted soy nuts, low-fat popcorn and whole-grain crispbread crackers are good choices.

•Decrease the meat portion on your plate and increase the serving size of vegetables. Use three times as many vegetables on pizzas or in casseroles, soups and stews.

•Plan meals so that you can use the extra food in other dishes. For example, bake chicken breasts for a meal and use what’s left in sandwiches, soup or a stir-fry.

•Use salsa for more than just chips. Whether it’s mild, fruity, scorching, smooth or chunky, salsa is a great companion for potatoes, vegetables, fish, chicken or meats.

•Marinate meat, chicken, fish before cooking to tenderize and add flavor to foods. Try mixtures of herbs or spices with wine, olive oil, soy sauce, cider vinegar or lemon juice.

•Expand your grain repertoire with whole-grain complements, such as kasha, brown rice, wild rice, barley or whole-wheat tortillas.

•Use herbs and spices to add color, savory taste and sensational aroma. Add cilantro to rice or bean dishes. Sprinkle rosemary on roasted potatoes or grilled meats. Add freshly chopped chives to omelets or pasta salads.

•Explore world cuisines. Discover and enjoy foods from around the world: Mexican, Latin American, Indian, Greek, French and Asian cuisines, just to name a few. Some of the world’s most intriguing ingredients — quinoa, edamame, bok choy, bulgur — are as healthy as they are delicious.

Common Pitfalls to Avoid

Registered dietitian Andrea Wenger Hess, a nutritionist at the University of Maryland’s Joslin Diabetes Center, advises people to beware of these common stumbling blocks to long-term weight loss.

Fad diets. Often, these diets promise to help you lose a lot of weight quickly, or tell you to cut certain foods out of your diet to lose weight. “Most fad diets are not scientifically based. People can follow them for a short period of time, but you won’t be able to continue these diets for the long term,” warns Wenger Hess. “People end up craving foods they are told they can’t have, and end up going off the diet.” A quick fix is not the answer. Instead, Wenger Hess says the best approach is to focus on making small lifestyle changes you can maintain.

Negative self-talk. Avoid negative thoughts and statements such as “I’m fat. I’ll never be able to lose weight.” Be positive. Affirm that you can change your lifestyle. Wenger Hess warns against feeling guilty about eating certain foods. “There are no good and bad foods,” she points out. “Moderation is the key.”

Emotional eating. Don’t eat as a way to cope with stress or other negative emotions. “It’s one of the biggest sources of overeating. Food never solves the problem, and usually it just contributes to a cycle of guilt, low self-esteem and overeating,” says Wenger Hess. “Get to the root of the problem. Face the situation head on. Food is meant for physical nourishment, not for emotional comfort, reward or punishment.”

You know exercise is good for you, and that it’s in your best interest to make this the year you start and/or maintain regular physical activity. But do you know how good getting 30 minutes of exercise most days of the week really is?

The most recent Surgeon General’s Report on Physical Activity and Health found that regular physical activity:

•Reduces the risk of dying from heart disease

•Reduces the risk of developing diabetes, high blood pressure and colon cancer

•Reduces feelings of depression and anxiety

•Helps control weight and maintain healthy bones, muscles and joints

•Helps maintain function and preserve independence in older adults

“If U.S. citizens put in 30 minutes of aerobic activity five times a week it would cut the amount of chronic diseases and health costs by almost half. That’s how powerful physical fitness is,” says Pamela Peeke, M.D., M.P.H., assistant clinical professor of medicine at the University of Maryland School of Medicine and author of the national best-seller Fight Fat After Forty.

So you’re interested, but aren’t sure how to begin. Peeke says it’s best to start out by walking (or doing some other type of aerobic exercise) and then adding strength training later. Good forms of aerobic exercise including walking, biking, swimming and jogging.

In addition to aerobic exercise, it’s important to incorporate strength training into your program. Peeke says it’s imperative to do both because lifting weights not only builds your muscles but also raises your metabolism, causing you to burn more calories.

“The bottom line is what works is a combination of both,” Peeke says. “Whether you’re trying to lose weight or exercising for fitness, it’s still important for everyone to do some level of weightlifting and aerobic exercise. Ultimately you want strength, flexibility and endurance.”
Starting a program in January is one thing; maintaining it is another matter entirely. Peeke offers advice to help you keep moving all year long.

Find the right kind of exercise for you. Choose activities that you enjoy and that fit your personality.

Make the time to exercise. Pick a time of the day when you’ll always have time to exercise and stick to it. Don’t make excuses not to exercise. Instead, try setting a schedule for the week indicating which days you’ll exercise.

Get up and move! Incorporate exercise during the day, even while you’re at work. If you sit at a desk most of the day, get out of your chair at least once an hour and walk around. As Peeke advises: “Use the five-minute-per-hour rule. Look for ways to just get up and move.” Some suggestions: Take the stairs instead of the elevator, walk down the hall instead of using the phone or e-mail, or take a walk during a morning or afternoon break.

Find an exercise buddy. Get a friend involved and be each other’s motivators, or join a group. The advantage to this approach is that you know other people are counting on you and you don’t want to let them down.

Check with a doctor before beginning an exercise program. This is especially important as you get older or if you have a history of health problems.

Strength train safely. When beginning a strength-training program, Peeke says it’s important to work with an expert (such as a trainer) who is knowledgeable about equipment and proper exercise methods. “You need someone to show you safe techniques for what to do,” advises Peeke.

Start slowly. This will help you achieve the most benefits with the least risk, especially if you have not been physically active for some time.

Make exercise fun. If you buy home equipment, put it in front of the television. That way, you won’t get bored when you’re exercising.

Write down why you want to exercise. Keep this list somewhere very visible to regularly reinforce your motivation.

Set weekly goals with enticing rewards. Establishing attainable short-term goals gives you something to work toward, and a feeling of accomplishment when you reach them. Take time to celebrate your achievement. Avoid food rewards, especially if weight loss is your goal. Instead, reward yourself with a movie, or get a massage.

Keep an exercise log. This is a good way to keep you consistent and review your goals and remember why you’re doing it in the first place.

Make stretching a part of your workout routine. Most experts recommend stretching after exercise while the muscles are warm. Stretching is important because it keeps your body in good alignment and prevents injury.

Wear comfortable shoes with good support when exercising. Nothing can derail an exercise program faster than a foot-related injury caused by poor footwear.

Practice the “talk test”. Basically, this means that when you are exercising, you should be able to speak about three words at a time. If you cannot get three words out at a time, slow down. If you can carry on a normal conversation, pick up the pace.

Shed Extra Pounds

The New Year is here. During the holidays you probably indulged in turkey, stuffing, pumpkin pie and many other tempting goodies. Now you step on the scale and much to your dismay, you’ve gained a few pounds in addition to the extra weight you may have already accumulated throughout the year. How can you make this the year to slim down and keep the weight off for good?
Researchers say losing just 5 to 10 percent of your excess body weight can make a big difference in your health, including lowering cholesterol and reducing the risk for diabetes. So where do you start? University of Maryland experts offer the following common-sense strategies to lead you on the way to long-term weight loss.

Write it down. Writing down what you eat forces you to be aware of just how much you’re eating. Also, if you know you have to write down that piece of candy or pizza, you may not be so quick to eat it. Keeping a food journal may also cut down on mindless eating. With your journal, you can also keep track of how much you exercise. “A food diary can be a helpful mirror to what you’re eating,” says Andrea Wenger Hess, a nutritionist at the University of Maryland’s Joslin Diabetes Center. “It can help you find your trigger foods.” If this doesn’t seem to work for you, Wenger Hess suggests reviewing your food diary with a dietitian.

Know your risk factors. Check with your doctor to see if you have high blood pressure or high cholesterol. Knowing where you are to start can also help you set realistic goals.

Choose a healthy eating plan low in fat, saturated fat and cholesterol and moderate in sugars. In addition to helping you maintain a healthy weight, this will also reduce your risk of heart attack and certain types of cancer.

Eat smaller meals throughout the day rather than a few big ones. “The human body needs food about every three hours,” says Pamela Peeke, M.D., M.P.H., assistant clinical professor of medicine at the University of Maryland School of Medicine and author of the national best-seller Fight Fat After Forty. “So you should have a snack every two to three hours to ward off hunger.” She recommends snacks that include a high-quality protein and carbohydrates, such as low-fat yogurt and fruit, a smoothie, or soy cheese and a pear.
Wenger Hess agrees. “Snacks are an important part of a healthful eating plan. A snack will help keep you from overeating, and it helps to curb your appetite.”

Count calories, then cut them. If you don’t already know, determine how many calories you eat in a typical day. Next, set your new reduced calorie goal, keeping in mind that experts recommend you lose no more than a pound or two a week. Specifically, to lose about ½ pound per week, subtract 250 calories a day from your current calorie intake; to lose 1 pound, subtract 500. A reduction of 500-1,000 calories could result in weight loss of about 1-2 pounds per week. Total calories, though, should not dip below 1,200 per day for women and 1,400 for men, which Wenger Hess says puts a person at risk for nutrient deficiencies. “It’s very difficult to reach the recommended amounts of vitamins and minerals at a low-calorie level. Not eating enough food can actually set you up to fail at weight loss because of the cycle of deprivation and bingeing that it can create. The emotional toll of this cycle can be especially devastating,” warns Wenger Hess.

Exercise regularly doing something you enjoy. “In order to burn more than you take in, you need to exercise,” says Wenger Hess. “It increases your metabolism so even when you’re at rest, you’ll be burning more calories.” For exercise to help with weight loss, experts advise regular aerobic physical activity (such as walking, biking or swimming) for at least 20-30 minutes a day, three to five times a week. If you’re a beginner, you can start slowly, but as Wenger Hess points out, “the more you can add to the duration, the better.” Ideally, Peeke says you should try to exercise 30-45 minutes, five days a week.

In particular, walking may be a good choice. Buy a pedometer and keep track of the number of steps you take each day. Once you see how much you walk, try adding 1,000 steps each day, with an eventual goal of 10,000 steps or more.

Get and enlist support. Peeke says finding a support system is critical to long-term weight loss. Whether you join a group such as Weight Watchers, work with a dietitian or do something else, it’s helpful to share your highs and lows with experts or others who can relate. These people can also be a source of new ideas and strategies and let you know that you’re not alone.

Eat your favorite foods (in moderation). Peeke advises including 100-200 calories per day of your favorite foods, whatever they may be. This will keep you from feeling deprived, which can lead to cravings. “Plan your indulgences into your schedule,” says Peeke. “Keep the portions down, savor, taste and enjoy it.”

Watch your portion size. “A lot of people don’t realize what they’re taking in,” observes Wenger Hess. “Look at nutrition brochures and look at the fat and calories you’re getting. If you are eating out and the portion is big, cut it in half right away and put it in a doggie bag, or split the meal with a friend.”

Lose weight slowly (1-2 pounds per week). “Slow weight loss is important. It will be easier to keep it off,” Wenger Hess says. “Quick weight loss is more apt to come back on, leading to yo-yo dieting that has a negative impact on your long-term health.”

Eat slowly. “It takes 20 minutes before your brain realizes it’s full,” notes Wenger Hess. That means the amount of calories consumed before you begin to feel full can vary a great deal depending on how quickly you eat. So as Wenger Hess advises, “Eat slowly, savor your food [and] enjoy it.”

Drink 8-10 glasses of water per day. Wenger Hess says there are several advantages to drinking plenty of water: “When the body is not receiving adequate fluids, the kidneys compensate by conserving water … essentially, ‘holding onto’ the water they do have. The result can be water retention — water weight you really don’t want.” She adds that drinking a lot of fluids makes the stomach feel fuller, thus decreasing the tendency to overeat.

Keep healthy foods on hand. Examples include fruits and vegetables, whole grains, dried beans, nonfat dairy and fish or lean poultry. “Keep the right things at home. Healthy, low-fat, high-fiber frozen entrees that are lower in sodium are good choices,” suggests Wenger Hess. Also, plan meals in advance and make a shopping list so you’re eating more meals at home. Wenger Hess says that it’s helpful to limit dining out if you’re trying to lose weight.

Keep things in perspective. Make health, not appearance, your weight management priority. “Positive thinking is a big part of it. Make sure your focus is in the right place — not on the pounds, but on health,” says Hess. “It’s important to concentrate on taking care of your body rather than focusing on the pounds on the scale.”