Humans are Meant to Move

the first 20 minutes
Gretchen Reynolds, the popular New York Times contributor recently released a book titled ‘The First 20 Minutes.‘ In her interview about the book she says that she chose the title so that readers would see that the benefits of exercise can be seen in as little as 20 minutes. Two thirds of American’s get no daily exercise. Something as simple as standing will show your body the benefits of being active.

American’s have a preconceived thought that exercise has be to hard and strenuous such as running a marathon or riding a bike for hours at time. Exercise is as simple as getting up and moving. People will see benefits from stretching, walking, standing, doing yard work, cleaning the house.

In her research Gretchen found that many American’s associated exercise with losing weight. We need to focus more on getting and staying fit so that we reduce the likely hood of diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease and ultimately premature death.

All we really need to do to see the benefits of exercise is walk, move and stand. Try not to walk into your house and plop down on the couch, try to stand up during conference calls, take the dog out in the back yard, stroll around the park with your kids. Exercise doesn’t have to hurt or be an activity you don’t enjoy.

Source: New York Times, Health and Fitness

Biggest Loser: Realistic or Long Term Struggle

The term metabolic adaptation is when a person loses a certain percentage of weight, their metabolisms slow by greater amounts. This process may be theoretically accelerated with more rapid weight loss as a consequence of the rapidly losing body metabolizing calorie burning muscle along with fat to make up for its massive energy deficit.

There’s probably no weight loss program (aside from surgery) more rapid than that of the television show The Biggest Loser, where it’s not uncommon for contestants to lose upwards of 150lbs at an averaged pace of nearly 10lbs a week.

Of course what’s different about the Biggest Loser as compared with most other non-televised rapid weight loss programs is the incredibly large amount of exercise involved, along with an almost certainly severe degree of stress, peer pressure and dietary restriction given the team and competitive nature of the show.

What does this say about how we as a nation are inspiring each other to live a healthy life? Are we expected to exercises for 5 or more hours a day, eat a constricted diet? Is this manageable in day to day life?

The answer appears to be, “No”.

In an article published yesterday ahead of print, Darcy Johannsen and friends studied the impact 7 months of Biggest Loser weight loss had on the resting and total energy expenditures of 16 participants. They used all the latest gadgets to do so including indirect calorimetry and doubly labeled water. So what happened? By week 6 participants had lost 13% of their body weight and by week 30, 39%. More importantly by week 6 participants metabolisms had slowed by 244 more calories per day than would have been expected simply as a function of their weight loss and by week 30, by 504 more.

That’s basically a meal’s worth of calories a day that Biggest Loser contestants no longer burn as a direct consequence of their involvement. How do you think you’d do at maintaining your weight if you ate an extra meal a day?

But maybe that’s typical. After all, metabolic adaptations are a known consequence to weight loss – couldn’t that be all we’re seeing here? I guess it’s too bad there’s no control group the study could have used for comparison.

Actually there kind of is. Bariatric surgery patients lose massive amounts of weight in a hurry as well, and they generally do so without the inane extremes of lifestyle endorsed by the Biggest Loser. If there were a study on the impact bariatric surgery losses had on resting and total energy expenditure, that would certainly offer some insight as to the healthfulness of Biggest Loser’s weight loss program.

Good news! There is such a study. Published in 2003 in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition researchers looked at the impact bariatric surgical losses had on the resting and total energy expenditures of 30 men and women whose pre-operative average BMIs of 50 were within 1 point of the Biggest Loser contestants’ averages of 49, and who lost a Biggest Loser style average of 117.5lbs. And guess what? While resting energy expenditure indeed was shown to slow, it didn’t slow down in excess of what would be expected by weight loss alone. In other words? Looking at these two studies, Biggest Loser style weight loss destroys metabolisms dramatically more than does bariatric surgery and does so in huge excess of what would be expected simply as a consequence of losing weight (though I suppose to be fair, the study on the surgical patients was done at 14 +/- 2 months, while the Biggest Losers’ was at 7 – perhaps the Losers’ metabolisms will improve with time)

That’s a rather ironic finding given that one of the Biggest Loser study’s authors, Biggest Loser’s TV doctor Dr. Robert Huizenga, regularly trash talks bariatric surgery on the show as a terrifically unhealthy way to lose weight. Metabolically speaking, it would seem to me that his own study would suggest bariatric surgical weight loss is far healthier to a body’s metabolism than is Biggest Loser style loss.

The study concludes,

“Unfortunately, fat free mass preservation did not prevent the slowing of metabolic rate during active weight loss, which may predispose to weight regain unless the participants maintain high levels of physical activity or significant caloric restriction”

Gee, ya think? “May”?

Here’s my though. While some contestants of the Biggest Loser will translate their new lifestyles into careers as product spokespeople or fitness trainers and have new external motivators to maintain their extreme behaviors, those who don’t are doomed as their lifestyle is unmanageable.

Case in point? That picture up above, that’s Eric Chopin. He was the winner of the third season of the Biggest Loser. He lost just over 200lbs. A few years later he was on Oprah to talk about his massive regain. The Biggest Loser provided him with a nonsensical approach to weight management, and in the process, stacked his deck entirely against him.


Source: Weighty Matters
Darcy L. Johannsen, Nicolas D. Knuth, Robert Huizenga, Jennifer C. Rood, Eric Ravussin, & Kevin D. Hall (2012). Metabolic Slowing with Massive Weight Loss despite Preservation of Fat-Free Mass The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism : 10.1210/jc.2012-1444

Das SK, Roberts SB, McCrory MA, Hsu LK, Shikora SA, Kehayias JJ, Dallal GE, & Saltzman E (2003). Long-term changes in energy expenditure and body composition after massive weight loss induced by gastric bypass surgery. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 78 (1), 22-30 PMID: 12816767

Stand Up for Fitness

We all know by now that being inactive is unhealthy. But far too many of us think that being inactive is something that happens to other people.

Studies of daily movement patterns, though, show that your typical modern exerciser, even someone who runs, subsequently sits for hours afterward, often moving less over all than on days when he or she does not work out.

Exercise only slightly lessened the health risks of sitting. People in the Australian study who exercised for seven hours or more a week but spent at least seven hours a day in front of the television were more likely to die prematurely than the small group who worked out seven hours a week and watched less than an hour of TV a day.

In the study researchers determined that watching an hour of television can snip 22 minutes from someone’s life. If an average man watched no TV in his adult life, the authors concluded, his life span might be 1.8 years longer, and a TV-less woman might live for a year and half longer than otherwise.
Consider working while standing up. Take phone calls standing up, prepare for your next presentation standing up. In an inspiring study being published next month in Diabetes Care, scientists at the Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute in Melbourne, Australia, had 19 adults sit completely still for seven hours or, on a separate day, rise every 20 minutes and walk leisurely on a treadmill (handily situated next to their chairs) for two minutes. On another day, they had the volunteers jog gently during their two-minute breaks.

When the volunteers remained stationary for the full seven hours, their blood sugar spiked and insulin levels were out of whack. But when they broke up the hours with movement, even that short two-minute stroll, their blood sugar levels remained stable. Interestingly, the jogging didn’t improve blood sugar regulation any more than standing and walking did. What was important, the scientists concluded, was simply breaking up the long, interminable hours of sitting

So every 20 minutes or so, get up. You don’t need a treadmill in your office to stay healthy.
I do encourage your to go for a run, grunt through push-ups, strengthen your core. Build a well-rounded foundation by incorporating balance and stability into your daily breaks. Stand on one leg while brushing your teeth, time yourself, and see how long you can stand on one leg.
Keep your insulin levels in check and your fat-fighting enzymes robust.

Source: NY Times- Health. The “Phys Ed” columnist for The New York Times and the author of a new book on science and exercise, “The First 20 Minutes.”

Pilates- Results Quickly!

Infomercials, magazine ads, tv commercials, billboards, everywhere you look you’ll see the next greatest workout. It will tone your arms, your bum, give you six pack abs. But what can you believe?

You can believe in Pilates! It was created in the early 20th century. Pilates exercise has stood the test of time. It’s been keeping people in shape, teaching them body awareness and bringing the mind and body together for an efficient total body workout.

Want some proof? Dedicate 3 sessions with a Balance Pilates instructor. We guarantee that you will feel muscles you never new existed, your core will find a new awareness, you will learn how to breath efficient. Pilates is liberating. You will feel strong, stand up tall and confidently carry yourself. Only 3 sessions needed, you will see the difference. What other workout can do that?

Pilates Benefits Teens

Pilates was credited by Joseph Pilates, he believed that our physical and mental bodies were intertwined. He designed an exercise program that would teach the individual practicing Pilates breathing techniques, body awareness, balance, control and core stability.

Pilates can be practiced in two different formats; on the mat placed on the floor or on Pilates equipment such as the reformer and cadillac. Both are different and challenging in their own ways. Pilates on the mat challenges the individual to support their own body, which given the exercises can be a bit more difficult than it looks. Pilates on the reformer can be challenging by adding resistance and balance.

For teens pilates can be the perfect balance of challenge and body awareness. As teens go through growth spurts, take on varies sports and go through puberty pilates provides the atmosphere in which teens can learn to control their body in space, essential when striving to compete in sports. Pilates teaches the importance of breathing techniques giving teens a method for calming themselves and making conscience decisions.

Teens are at the perfect age to learn new exercises, techniques and make their lives healthier. Teach them when they are young. Contact Richmond’s Pilates experts at Balance Pilates.

Exercise And Sleeping Better

The amount of physical exercise that you exert during the day is one of the key ingredients to helping you get a good sleep at night. The more active your body is during the day, the more likely you are to relax at night and fall asleep faster.

With regular exercise you’ll notice that your quality of sleep is improved and the transition between the cycles and phases of sleep will become smoother and more regular. By keeping up your physical activity during the day, you may find it easier to deal with the stress and worries of your life.

Research and studies indicate that there is a direct correlation between how much we exercise and how we feel afterwards.

If you’re not sleeping well you should try to increase your physical activity during the day. The goal here is to give your body enough stimulation during the day so that you aren’t full of energy at night.

Your body requires a certain amount of physical activity in order to keep functioning in a healthy manner. It is also important to note that you should not be exercising three or four hours before you go to bed. You want to make sure you expend your physical energy long before it is time for your body to rest and ready itself for sleep.

You should attempt to exercise at least three or four times a week for a period of 30 minutes or so. Pilates is a wonderful exercise routine for beginning a workout regime or changing up your routine.

The goal is to increase your heart rate, body awareness and improve core strength. By adding a regular exercise activity to your daily schedule will help you to improve your overall health and help emotionally as well.

You can also incorporate running and walking into your physical activity. If you are battling lack of sleep, you’ll find aerobic exercise to be the best.

Your goal with exercise is to increase the amount of oxygen that reaches your blood stream. There are many types of aerobic exercise for you to choose from. The activities include running, biking, walking and using cardio equipment.

Combining Pilates and cardio will stimulate your nervous system, especially the brain. Pilates utilizes breathing techniques and exercises that increase the blood circulation to the brain, promoting regular and restful sleeping patterns. The regular practice of pilates will help you to relax as well as relieve tension and stress.

Couch to 1 Mile in 6 weeks

Warm weather is around the corner. We all want to get outside. Getting in cardio is the perfect compliment to your pilates workouts. Below is an easy to follow couch to 1 mile program.

Workouts should be completed 3 times each week

Week 1

5 minute walking warm up
30 seconds of jogging alternated with 30 seconds of walking for 10 minutes
5 minutes of gentle cool down exercises

Week 2

5 minute walking warm up
1 minute of jogging alternated with 1 minute of walking for 12 minutes
5 minutes of gentle cool down exercises

Week 3

5 minute walking warm up
1 minute jog/1 minute walk
3 minute jog/3 minute walk
2 minute jog/2 minute walk
1 minute jog/5 minute walk
5 minutes of gentle cool down exercises

Week 4

5 minute walking warm up
2 minute jog/2 minute walk
5 minute jog/5 minute walk
2 minute jog/2 minute walk
5 minutes of gentle cool down exercises

Week 5

5 minute walking warm up
2 minute jog/1 minute walk
5 minute jog/2 minute walk
8 minute jog/1 minute walk
5 minutes of gentle cool down exercises

Week 6

5 minute walking warm up
5 minute jog/1 minute walk
8 minute jog to finish out one mile
5 minutes of gentle cool down exercises

See you outside!

Ideal Weight Loss Plan

There are so many people who think losing weight is about slashing your calories to ungodly amounts. However, I’m here to tell you that this is all wrong. You’ve been lied to.

How many people do you see on the roller coaster diet? Probably too many to count. Why is this? Simply because diets don’t work. Most diets restrict your calories and slow down your metabolism. This causes your body to go into starvation mode. In starvation mode, your body burns very few calories and
experiences extreme hunger pangs.

Fortunately, there is a solution. Eat 5 – 6 healthy, small meals per day. Men should shoot for 6 meals a day while women should try to get in 5 meals per day. Yes, you heard me right and you may have heard it before, but please take notice this time. Frequent, small, healthy meals provide a number of benefits that will help you reach the highest fitness level possible.

Increase Your Metabolism

Eating 6 meals a day will boost your metabolism, helping you to burn more calories all day long.

In fact, by eating super-clean, high protein foods at each of your six meals, you will find that your metabolism goes into overdrive, becoming extremely efficient at burning off calories.

Burn Calories with the Thermic Effect of Food

Frequent eating revs up your metabolism due to the thermic effect of food. This is because the breakdown and absorption of food itself requires a substantial number of calories.

This is known as the thermic effect of food. Foods have a thermic effect ranging from 3% to 30%. Protein foods create a thermic effect of up to 30%. This means that 30% of the calories from foods like turkey, tuna, and salmon are burned simply by digesting them. Complex and fibrous carbohydrates burn about 20% of their calories through digestion. This includes broccoli, spinach, corn, green beans, etc.

On the other end of the spectrum are fats and refined carbohydrates. They have an extremeley low thermic effect of about 3%. This is one of the reasons that dietary fat is stored so easily as body fat.

As you can see, what you eat matters even more than how much you eat.

Maintain Peak Energy Levels

You will feel 10x better by eating smaller, more frequent meals. Your energy level will soar and your hunger cravings will be destroyed.

This is because eating 5 to 6 meals per day helps maintain a balanced blood sugar level, preventing hunger attacks.

This is in direct contrast to the calorie depriving diets that send your blood sugar levels into havoc, with too many peaks and valleys.

Build Muscle

You will also find it easier to build and maintain muscle. The more muscle you develop, the faster your metabolism becomes.

Frequent meals help promote muscle growth by regulating insulin levels and providing a steady flow of amino acids into the muscle cells.

By eating approximately every three hours you are constantly delivering a steady output of insulin, which is necessary for muscle growth and glycogen storage.

Insulin plays a major role in transporting glucose and amino acids into the muscle cells where they can then be used for recovery and muscle growth. Are you starting to see the many benefits of eating 6 meals a day?

Frequent meals also allow for more efficient use of vitamins and minerals. Your body simply becomes much more effective at processing these vital nutrients.

To reap the full benefit of this lifestyle, be sure that you eat on a consistent schedule. This requires a bit of meal planning, but it is certainly worth it. It is very important to get your body into the habit of knowing when it will be supplied with nutrients. This way, your body won’t fall into dreaded hunger attacks and cravings. Instead, it will always know that a steady flow of nutrients will soon to be supplied.

The key is to center your diet around lean protein, fruits, vegetables, and healthy fats.

By eating 5 to 6 small meals per day, you will increase your energy levels, accelerate muscle growth, and speed up your metabolism without storing fat. In fact, frequent eating will actually allow you to eat up to 50% more calories without storing an ounce of it as fat.

To really burn the fat, you will need to combine this healthy eating plan with cardio work and strength training.

Using these 3 techniques, you can turn your body into a fat-burning machine.

Make healthy eating interesting and enjoyable. These quick tips are certain to invigorate your healthy-eating efforts.

Whether you’re just starting or have been following a healthy diet for years, sticking to the plan can be challenging. But healthy eating doesn’t need to be boring or tiresome. Flavorful food combinations, new cooking ideas and an inventive spirit can enliven your meals and snacks.

Here are 20 ideas to keep you on course.

•Experiment with new foods and combinations. Try mango or peach slices on whole-wheat toast with a little peanut butter and honey. Toss some mandarin orange and peach slices into a salad.

•Add chickpeas, black beans or garbanzos to your lunch or dinner salad. If you typically buy a salad at work and no beans are available, bring beans from home in a small container.

•Try something new for breakfast. Munch on leftover vegetable pizza or make a smoothie blended from exotic fruits, low-fat yogurt and a spoonful of wheat germ.

•Stir-fry extra-firm or firm tofu rather than meat in oriental dishes. Freezing and then thawing tofu before use gives it a firmer, chewier texture.

•Make a nutritious snack rather than a full meal when time is tight. For example, spread a brown rice cake with ricotta cheese and fresh strawberries or low-sugar, spreadable fruit. Or try corn muffins with apple and cheese slices, or fat-free refried beans mixed with salsa, a small amount of low-fat sour cream and baked tortilla chips.

•Add crushed bran cereal or unprocessed wheat bran to baked products, such as meatloaf, breads, muffins, casseroles, cakes and cookies. Also, use bran products as a crunchy topping for casseroles, salads or cooked vegetables.

•Grill fresh vegetables for a quick and healthy side dish. Cut vegetables into 1/2-inch slices or large chunks and baste with a light salad dressing or brush them with canola or olive oil. Grill until tender, turning only once.

•Take advantage of ready-to-use foods. Fresh bagged salads, frozen vegetables, low-fat deli meats, whole-wheat pasta, whole-grain breads, and fresh and canned unsweetened fruits take only minutes to prepare.

•Vary your salad greens and enjoy the multitude of flavors and textures. Choices include arugula, chicory, collard greens, dandelion greens, kale, mustard greens, spinach or watercress. Purchase a different variety each week.

•For breakfast on the go, munch dry, ready-to-eat cereal with a banana and drink a small carton of low-fat or skim milk.

•Choose a dish that serves as a full meal for quick and simple cooking. Healthy examples include beef, barley and vegetable stew; chicken, vegetable and rice casserole; turkey and bean casserole (made with turkey breast, white beans and tomatoes); or vegetarian chili with diced vegetables.

•Take advantage of healthy side dishes offered at fast-food restaurants. Instead of french fries, choose a side salad with low-fat dressing or a baked potato. Or add a fruit bowl or a fruit and yogurt option to your meal.

•Stock your shelves with good-for-you snacks. Low-fat pudding cups, dry roasted soy nuts, low-fat popcorn and whole-grain crispbread crackers are good choices.

•Decrease the meat portion on your plate and increase the serving size of vegetables. Use three times as many vegetables on pizzas or in casseroles, soups and stews.

•Plan meals so that you can use the extra food in other dishes. For example, bake chicken breasts for a meal and use what’s left in sandwiches, soup or a stir-fry.

•Use salsa for more than just chips. Whether it’s mild, fruity, scorching, smooth or chunky, salsa is a great companion for potatoes, vegetables, fish, chicken or meats.

•Marinate meat, chicken, fish before cooking to tenderize and add flavor to foods. Try mixtures of herbs or spices with wine, olive oil, soy sauce, cider vinegar or lemon juice.

•Expand your grain repertoire with whole-grain complements, such as kasha, brown rice, wild rice, barley or whole-wheat tortillas.

•Use herbs and spices to add color, savory taste and sensational aroma. Add cilantro to rice or bean dishes. Sprinkle rosemary on roasted potatoes or grilled meats. Add freshly chopped chives to omelets or pasta salads.

•Explore world cuisines. Discover and enjoy foods from around the world: Mexican, Latin American, Indian, Greek, French and Asian cuisines, just to name a few. Some of the world’s most intriguing ingredients — quinoa, edamame, bok choy, bulgur — are as healthy as they are delicious.

Common Pitfalls to Avoid

Registered dietitian Andrea Wenger Hess, a nutritionist at the University of Maryland’s Joslin Diabetes Center, advises people to beware of these common stumbling blocks to long-term weight loss.

Fad diets. Often, these diets promise to help you lose a lot of weight quickly, or tell you to cut certain foods out of your diet to lose weight. “Most fad diets are not scientifically based. People can follow them for a short period of time, but you won’t be able to continue these diets for the long term,” warns Wenger Hess. “People end up craving foods they are told they can’t have, and end up going off the diet.” A quick fix is not the answer. Instead, Wenger Hess says the best approach is to focus on making small lifestyle changes you can maintain.

Negative self-talk. Avoid negative thoughts and statements such as “I’m fat. I’ll never be able to lose weight.” Be positive. Affirm that you can change your lifestyle. Wenger Hess warns against feeling guilty about eating certain foods. “There are no good and bad foods,” she points out. “Moderation is the key.”

Emotional eating. Don’t eat as a way to cope with stress or other negative emotions. “It’s one of the biggest sources of overeating. Food never solves the problem, and usually it just contributes to a cycle of guilt, low self-esteem and overeating,” says Wenger Hess. “Get to the root of the problem. Face the situation head on. Food is meant for physical nourishment, not for emotional comfort, reward or punishment.”

You know exercise is good for you, and that it’s in your best interest to make this the year you start and/or maintain regular physical activity. But do you know how good getting 30 minutes of exercise most days of the week really is?

The most recent Surgeon General’s Report on Physical Activity and Health found that regular physical activity:

•Reduces the risk of dying from heart disease

•Reduces the risk of developing diabetes, high blood pressure and colon cancer

•Reduces feelings of depression and anxiety

•Helps control weight and maintain healthy bones, muscles and joints

•Helps maintain function and preserve independence in older adults

“If U.S. citizens put in 30 minutes of aerobic activity five times a week it would cut the amount of chronic diseases and health costs by almost half. That’s how powerful physical fitness is,” says Pamela Peeke, M.D., M.P.H., assistant clinical professor of medicine at the University of Maryland School of Medicine and author of the national best-seller Fight Fat After Forty.

So you’re interested, but aren’t sure how to begin. Peeke says it’s best to start out by walking (or doing some other type of aerobic exercise) and then adding strength training later. Good forms of aerobic exercise including walking, biking, swimming and jogging.

In addition to aerobic exercise, it’s important to incorporate strength training into your program. Peeke says it’s imperative to do both because lifting weights not only builds your muscles but also raises your metabolism, causing you to burn more calories.

“The bottom line is what works is a combination of both,” Peeke says. “Whether you’re trying to lose weight or exercising for fitness, it’s still important for everyone to do some level of weightlifting and aerobic exercise. Ultimately you want strength, flexibility and endurance.”
Starting a program in January is one thing; maintaining it is another matter entirely. Peeke offers advice to help you keep moving all year long.

Find the right kind of exercise for you. Choose activities that you enjoy and that fit your personality.

Make the time to exercise. Pick a time of the day when you’ll always have time to exercise and stick to it. Don’t make excuses not to exercise. Instead, try setting a schedule for the week indicating which days you’ll exercise.

Get up and move! Incorporate exercise during the day, even while you’re at work. If you sit at a desk most of the day, get out of your chair at least once an hour and walk around. As Peeke advises: “Use the five-minute-per-hour rule. Look for ways to just get up and move.” Some suggestions: Take the stairs instead of the elevator, walk down the hall instead of using the phone or e-mail, or take a walk during a morning or afternoon break.

Find an exercise buddy. Get a friend involved and be each other’s motivators, or join a group. The advantage to this approach is that you know other people are counting on you and you don’t want to let them down.

Check with a doctor before beginning an exercise program. This is especially important as you get older or if you have a history of health problems.

Strength train safely. When beginning a strength-training program, Peeke says it’s important to work with an expert (such as a trainer) who is knowledgeable about equipment and proper exercise methods. “You need someone to show you safe techniques for what to do,” advises Peeke.

Start slowly. This will help you achieve the most benefits with the least risk, especially if you have not been physically active for some time.

Make exercise fun. If you buy home equipment, put it in front of the television. That way, you won’t get bored when you’re exercising.

Write down why you want to exercise. Keep this list somewhere very visible to regularly reinforce your motivation.

Set weekly goals with enticing rewards. Establishing attainable short-term goals gives you something to work toward, and a feeling of accomplishment when you reach them. Take time to celebrate your achievement. Avoid food rewards, especially if weight loss is your goal. Instead, reward yourself with a movie, or get a massage.

Keep an exercise log. This is a good way to keep you consistent and review your goals and remember why you’re doing it in the first place.

Make stretching a part of your workout routine. Most experts recommend stretching after exercise while the muscles are warm. Stretching is important because it keeps your body in good alignment and prevents injury.

Wear comfortable shoes with good support when exercising. Nothing can derail an exercise program faster than a foot-related injury caused by poor footwear.

Practice the “talk test”. Basically, this means that when you are exercising, you should be able to speak about three words at a time. If you cannot get three words out at a time, slow down. If you can carry on a normal conversation, pick up the pace.

Shed Extra Pounds

The New Year is here. During the holidays you probably indulged in turkey, stuffing, pumpkin pie and many other tempting goodies. Now you step on the scale and much to your dismay, you’ve gained a few pounds in addition to the extra weight you may have already accumulated throughout the year. How can you make this the year to slim down and keep the weight off for good?
Researchers say losing just 5 to 10 percent of your excess body weight can make a big difference in your health, including lowering cholesterol and reducing the risk for diabetes. So where do you start? University of Maryland experts offer the following common-sense strategies to lead you on the way to long-term weight loss.

Write it down. Writing down what you eat forces you to be aware of just how much you’re eating. Also, if you know you have to write down that piece of candy or pizza, you may not be so quick to eat it. Keeping a food journal may also cut down on mindless eating. With your journal, you can also keep track of how much you exercise. “A food diary can be a helpful mirror to what you’re eating,” says Andrea Wenger Hess, a nutritionist at the University of Maryland’s Joslin Diabetes Center. “It can help you find your trigger foods.” If this doesn’t seem to work for you, Wenger Hess suggests reviewing your food diary with a dietitian.

Know your risk factors. Check with your doctor to see if you have high blood pressure or high cholesterol. Knowing where you are to start can also help you set realistic goals.

Choose a healthy eating plan low in fat, saturated fat and cholesterol and moderate in sugars. In addition to helping you maintain a healthy weight, this will also reduce your risk of heart attack and certain types of cancer.

Eat smaller meals throughout the day rather than a few big ones. “The human body needs food about every three hours,” says Pamela Peeke, M.D., M.P.H., assistant clinical professor of medicine at the University of Maryland School of Medicine and author of the national best-seller Fight Fat After Forty. “So you should have a snack every two to three hours to ward off hunger.” She recommends snacks that include a high-quality protein and carbohydrates, such as low-fat yogurt and fruit, a smoothie, or soy cheese and a pear.
Wenger Hess agrees. “Snacks are an important part of a healthful eating plan. A snack will help keep you from overeating, and it helps to curb your appetite.”

Count calories, then cut them. If you don’t already know, determine how many calories you eat in a typical day. Next, set your new reduced calorie goal, keeping in mind that experts recommend you lose no more than a pound or two a week. Specifically, to lose about ½ pound per week, subtract 250 calories a day from your current calorie intake; to lose 1 pound, subtract 500. A reduction of 500-1,000 calories could result in weight loss of about 1-2 pounds per week. Total calories, though, should not dip below 1,200 per day for women and 1,400 for men, which Wenger Hess says puts a person at risk for nutrient deficiencies. “It’s very difficult to reach the recommended amounts of vitamins and minerals at a low-calorie level. Not eating enough food can actually set you up to fail at weight loss because of the cycle of deprivation and bingeing that it can create. The emotional toll of this cycle can be especially devastating,” warns Wenger Hess.

Exercise regularly doing something you enjoy. “In order to burn more than you take in, you need to exercise,” says Wenger Hess. “It increases your metabolism so even when you’re at rest, you’ll be burning more calories.” For exercise to help with weight loss, experts advise regular aerobic physical activity (such as walking, biking or swimming) for at least 20-30 minutes a day, three to five times a week. If you’re a beginner, you can start slowly, but as Wenger Hess points out, “the more you can add to the duration, the better.” Ideally, Peeke says you should try to exercise 30-45 minutes, five days a week.

In particular, walking may be a good choice. Buy a pedometer and keep track of the number of steps you take each day. Once you see how much you walk, try adding 1,000 steps each day, with an eventual goal of 10,000 steps or more.

Get and enlist support. Peeke says finding a support system is critical to long-term weight loss. Whether you join a group such as Weight Watchers, work with a dietitian or do something else, it’s helpful to share your highs and lows with experts or others who can relate. These people can also be a source of new ideas and strategies and let you know that you’re not alone.

Eat your favorite foods (in moderation). Peeke advises including 100-200 calories per day of your favorite foods, whatever they may be. This will keep you from feeling deprived, which can lead to cravings. “Plan your indulgences into your schedule,” says Peeke. “Keep the portions down, savor, taste and enjoy it.”

Watch your portion size. “A lot of people don’t realize what they’re taking in,” observes Wenger Hess. “Look at nutrition brochures and look at the fat and calories you’re getting. If you are eating out and the portion is big, cut it in half right away and put it in a doggie bag, or split the meal with a friend.”

Lose weight slowly (1-2 pounds per week). “Slow weight loss is important. It will be easier to keep it off,” Wenger Hess says. “Quick weight loss is more apt to come back on, leading to yo-yo dieting that has a negative impact on your long-term health.”

Eat slowly. “It takes 20 minutes before your brain realizes it’s full,” notes Wenger Hess. That means the amount of calories consumed before you begin to feel full can vary a great deal depending on how quickly you eat. So as Wenger Hess advises, “Eat slowly, savor your food [and] enjoy it.”

Drink 8-10 glasses of water per day. Wenger Hess says there are several advantages to drinking plenty of water: “When the body is not receiving adequate fluids, the kidneys compensate by conserving water … essentially, ‘holding onto’ the water they do have. The result can be water retention — water weight you really don’t want.” She adds that drinking a lot of fluids makes the stomach feel fuller, thus decreasing the tendency to overeat.

Keep healthy foods on hand. Examples include fruits and vegetables, whole grains, dried beans, nonfat dairy and fish or lean poultry. “Keep the right things at home. Healthy, low-fat, high-fiber frozen entrees that are lower in sodium are good choices,” suggests Wenger Hess. Also, plan meals in advance and make a shopping list so you’re eating more meals at home. Wenger Hess says that it’s helpful to limit dining out if you’re trying to lose weight.

Keep things in perspective. Make health, not appearance, your weight management priority. “Positive thinking is a big part of it. Make sure your focus is in the right place — not on the pounds, but on health,” says Hess. “It’s important to concentrate on taking care of your body rather than focusing on the pounds on the scale.”